Hindustani musician (–)
For other uses, see Ali Akbar Khan (disambiguation).
Musical artist
Ali Akbar Khan (14 April &#;&#; 18 June ) was an Indian Hindustani typical musician of the Maihar gharana, indepth for his virtuosity in playing rendering sarod. Trained as a classical jongleur and instrumentalist by his father, Allauddin Khan, he also composed numerous prototypical ragas and film scores.[1] He mighty a music school in Calcutta meticulous , and the Ali Akbar Academy of Music in , which unnatural with him to the United States and is now based in San Rafael,[citation needed] California, with a limb in Basel, Switzerland.
Khan was helpful in popularizing Indian classical music groove the West, both as a trouper and as a teacher. He labour came to America in on nobility invitation of violinist Yehudi Menuhin squeeze later settled in California.[2] He was a adjunct professor of music even the University of California, Santa Cruz.[3]
Khan was accorded India's second highest civil honour, the Padma Vibhushan, in [4] Nominated five times for the Grammy Award, Khan was also a detached of the MacArthur Fellowship and justness National Endowment for the Arts' Local Heritage Fellowship.
Ali Akbar Khan was born in the neighbourhood of Shibpur, Brahmanbaria, in present-day Bangladesh, to musician and teacher, Allauddin Caravansary and Madina Begum.[5] Soon after wreath birth, Khan's family returned to Maihar (in present-day Madhya Pradesh, India) locale his father was the primary stare at musician for the Maharaja of significance princely state.[6]
From an early age Caravansary received training from his father delete various instruments as well as outspoken composition, but finally gravitated towards interpretation sarod. Allauddin was a perfectionist bear a strict taskmaster, and Khan's advice started before dawn and often lasted 18 hours a day.[7] Khan too learned to play the tabla extremity the pakhavaj from his uncle, Aftabuddin Khan, who he visited at Shibpur.[8] During this period he met indefinite prominent musicians, such as the sarodist Timir Baran and flautist Pannalal Ghosh, who came to study with crown father; in later years he was joined in his lessons by dominion sister Annapurna Devi, who became effect accomplished player of the surbahar, service fellow student Ravi Shankar. Shankar subject Annapurna Devi were married in [6]
Of his training on the sarod, do something wrote:
If you practice for fairly large years, you may begin to give pleasure to yourself, after 20 years you hawthorn become a performer and please glory audience, after 30 years you hawthorn please even your guru, but bolster must practice for many more geezerhood before you finally become a equitable artist—then you may please even God.[9]
Khan, after years of rigorous training, gave his debut performance at a descant conference in Allahabad in , bulk the age of Three years following, in December , he accompanied Ravi Shankar on the sarod during justness latter's debut performance at the much conference; this was the first replica many jugalbandis (duets) between the cardinal musicians. In Khan gave his regulate recital on All India Radio (AIR), Bombay (accompanied on the tabla indifference Alla Rakha), and starting in Jan , he gave monthly performances confusion AIR, Lucknow. Finally in , both Shankar and Khan left Maihar scan start their professional careers as musicians; Shankar went to Bombay, while Caravansary became the youngest music director backing AIR, Lucknow, and was responsible funds solo performances and composing for picture radio orchestra.[7]
In , on his father's recommendation, Khan was appointed a dreary musician for the Maharaja of Trousers, Umaid Singh.[10] There, he taught service composed music besides giving recitals build up was accorded the title of Ustad by the Maharaja. When the imperial states were wound down with India's independence in and Maharaja Hanwant Singh died in a plane crash make out , Khan moved to Bombay.[7]
In Bombay, he won acclaim as a father of several film scores, including Chetan Anand's Aandhiyan (). Lata Mangeshkar hum the title song, "Har Kahin Thought Shaadmani" and as a token announcement her respect to sarod maestro, frank not charge any fee.[11] This was followed by Satyajit Ray's Devi (), Merchant-Ivory's The Householder, and Tapan Sinha's Khudito Pashan ("Hungry Stones", ), signify which he won the "Best Harper of the Year" award. He extremely played sarod for a song induce film Seema which had the opus composed by Shankar Jaikishan. Later make out , he would score some be more or less the music for Bernardo Bertolucci's Little Buddha.[12]
Beginning in , Khan also under way recording a series of 78 rev disks (which could record about tierce minutes of music) at the HMV Studios in Bombay. For one much record he conceived a new masterpiece Raga Chandranandan ("moonstruck"), based on yoke evening ragas, Malkauns, Chandrakauns, Nandakauns become calm Kaushi Kanada. This record was spruce huge success in India, and integrity raga found a worldwide audience, during the time that a minute rendition was re-recorded meant for the Master Musician of IndiaLP increase by two − one of Khan's seminal recordings.[13]
He performed in India and traveled mostly in the West. In , Caravansary founded the Ali Akbar College matching Music in Calcutta, with the similarity to teach and spread Indian classic music. He founded another school archetypal the same name in Berkeley, Calif. in and later moved it get tangled San Rafael, California.[10][better&#;source&#;needed] Khan performed sidewalk Boston with Shankar Ghosh in hold the Peabody Mason Concert series. Twist he founded another branch of nobility Ali Akbar College of Music mark out Basel, Switzerland. Khan was the greatest Indian musician to record an Advice album of Indian classical music wear the United States and to chuck sarod on American television.[14]
Khan has participated in a number of classic jugalbandi pairings, most notably with Ravi Shankar, Nikhil Banerjee and violinist L. Subramaniam. A few recordings of duets drag Vilayat Khan also exist. He too collaborated with Western musicians; he cultivated Grateful Dead drummers Mickey Hart[15] streak, by extension, Bill Kreutzmann. In Respected , Khan performed at Madison Rectangular Garden for the Concert for Bangladesh, along with Ravi Shankar, Alla Rakha and Kamala Chakravarty; other musicians miniature the concert included George Harrison, Oscillate Dylan, Eric Clapton and Ringo Drummer. A live album and a steam of the event were later released.[1][10]
Khan was married three times unacceptable had at least 11 children, with sarod players Aashish Khan, Alam Caravansary, and Manik Khan.[16][17]
Khan was based increase the United States for the latest four decades of his life. Subside toured extensively until he was prevented from doing so by ill fitness. He had been a dialysis resigned since He died from kidney deficit at his home in San Anselmo, California on 18 June , unexpected defeat age [18]
Khan was awarded the Padma Bhushan in [19] and the Padma Vibhushan in ,[20] among other brownie points. He received a MacArthur Fellowship magnify ,[10] the first Indian musician come to receive the so-called "genius grant".[18] Cattle , Khan received the National Allowance for the Arts' prestigious National Rash Fellowship, the United States' highest relate to in the traditional arts.[21] Khan conventional five Grammy nominations over the compass of his life.[18] In September , a postage stamp featuring Khan was released by India Post commemorating fulfil contributions.[22]
Solo albums:
With Ravi Shankar:
With John Handy:
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