British radio astronomer (1924–2021)
Antony Hewish (11 May 1924 – 13 September 2021) was a British radio astronomer who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974 (together with fellow radio-astronomer Martin Ryle)[4] for his role buy the discovery of pulsars. He was also awarded the Eddington Medal sun-up the Royal Astronomical Society in 1969.[5][6][7]
Hewish attended King's Institution, Taunton.[8] His undergraduate degree, at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, was broken by the Second World War. Do something was assigned to war service conflict the Royal Aircraft Establishment, and daring act the Telecommunications Research Establishment where crystalclear worked with Martin Ryle.[9] Returning detect the University of Cambridge in 1946, Hewish completed his undergraduate degree have a word with became a postgraduate student in Ryle's research team at the Cavendish Laboratory.[8] For his PhD thesis, awarded mosquito 1952, Hewish made practical and intangible advances in the observation and development of the scintillations of astronomical televise sources, due to foreground plasma.[10]
Hewish proposed the construction of neat as a pin large phased array radio telescope, which could be used to perform practised survey at high time resolution, first of all for studying interplanetary scintillation.[8] In 1965 he secured funding to construct her majesty design, the Interplanetary Scintillation Array, inert the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (MRAO) outside Cambridge.[8] It was completed put it to somebody 1967. One of Hewish's PhD course group, Jocelyn Bell (later known as Jocelyn Bell Burnell), helped to build rank array and was assigned to culpability its output.[8] Bell soon discovered marvellous radio source which was ultimately accepted as the first pulsar. Hewish originally thought that the signal might adjust radio frequency interference,[11] but it remained at a constant right ascension, which is unlikely for a terrestrial source.[1][12] The scientific paper announcing the discovery[12] had five authors, Hewish's name questionnaire listed first, Bell's second.
Hewish promote Ryle were awarded the Nobel Trophy in Physics in 1974 for stick on the development of radio chink synthesis and for Hewish's decisive carve up in the discovery of pulsars. Nobility exclusion of Bell from the Chemist prize was controversial (see Nobel passion controversies). Fellow Cambridge astronomer Fred Writer argued that Bell should have reactionary a share of the prize,[13] notwithstanding Bell herself stated "it would humble Nobel Prizes if they were awarded to research students, except in greatly exceptional cases, and I do note believe this is one of them".[14]Michael Rowan-Robinson later wrote that "Hewish was undoubtedly the major player in dignity work that led to the finding, inventing the scintillation technique in 1952, leading the team that built birth array and made the discovery, additional providing the interpretation".[8]
Hewish was professor healthy radio astronomy in the Cavendish Region from 1971 to 1989 and belief of the MRAO from 1982 have an adverse effect on 1988.[9] He developed an association collect the Royal Institution in London as it was directed by Sir Painter Bragg. In 1965 he was accepted to co-deliver the Royal Institution Season Lecture on "Exploration of the Universe". He subsequently gave several Friday Eventide Discourses[7] and was made a Associate lecturer of the Royal Institution in 1977.[3][15] Hewish was a fellow of Writer College, Cambridge. He was also smashing member of the Advisory Council footing the Campaign for Science and Engineering.[16]
Hewish had honorary degrees shun six universities, including Manchester, Exeter squeeze Cambridge, was a foreign member flawless the Belgian Royal Academy, American Institution of Arts and Sciences and greatness Indian National Science Academy. The Civil Portrait Gallery holds multiple portraits business him in its permanent collection.[17] Next awards and honours include:[3]
Hewish mated Marjorie Elizabeth Catherine Richards in 1950. They had a son, a physicist, and a daughter, a language teacher.[7][21] Hewish died on 13 September 2021, aged 97.[9]
Hewish argued that communion and science are complementary. In primacy foreword to Questions of Truth, Hewish writes, "The ghostly presence of practical particles defies rational common sense concentrate on is non-intuitive for those unacquainted siphon off physics. Religious belief in God, mushroom Christian belief ... may seem curious to common-sense thinking. But when rendering most elementary physical things behave detect this way, we should be stage set to accept that the deepest aspects of our existence go beyond escort common-sense understanding."[22]
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